The Main Sequence
For the star we have been chosen, are group got Polaris (The North Star). Polaris is about 100 Light Years away from Earth. Polaris is located as the last star apart of the little dipper. Polaris has helped many people find there ways because of you can find the North Star that means that that is the direction North, if you point your hand to the right you are pointing in the way of West, If you point you hand to the left you are pointing in the way of East, and lastly right behind where your standing is south. But finding the North Star can be tricky at times, thats why "normal people" like you and I cant normally see it or find the star. Also The Navajo's called The North Star "Fire Star".
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Parts Of Sun
The Core of the star is most of its mass. This is the Radiative Zone of the star. The outer part of the star is the Convective Zone and the Turbulent Convection. The Convective Zone is where the energy from the Core is rising to the top and is rotating around, The Turbulent Convection is the radiation that comes off the surface of the sun which gives us are heat.
Expanding and Contracting
The North Star (Polaris) is in the begging of the death phase. it is not on the main sequence like the other stars anymore it is started expand and contract. But after is has done the the final Exaction, that would make the star explode and the Core of the star would turn into a White Dwarf planet. Luckily that wont happen anytime soon.